Six basic machining problems of CNC lathe

In terms of grinding methods, they can be divided into external cylindrical grinding, CNC lathe internal cylindrical grinding, centerless grinding, flat grinding, forming grinding, gear grinding, thread grinding, tool grinding, and ordinary lathe surface grinding. The corresponding CNC grinding methods are becoming increasingly important in grinding processes with the development of CNC technology. The CNC grinder has the ability to process some special parts that cannot be machined on ordinary grinders (such as shaft parts with special curves, special-shaped parts with three or more coordinate requirements, molds, etc.), so it is suitable for a wide range of machined parts. In order to maximize the economic benefits of CNC grinding machines, the following processing objects can be given priority consideration.

（1） Repeatedly produced parts

The preparation time for using CNC grinding machines accounts for a relatively high proportion. For example, process analysis preparation, programming, first piece adjustment and trial cutting of parts, etc., the total comprehensive labor hours are often tens to hundreds of times that of single piece machining of parts. However, these CNC lathe work contents (such as specialized ordinary lathe fixtures, process files, programs, etc.) can be saved and reused repeatedly. Therefore, when a part is successfully trial produced on a CNC grinder and then put into production again, the production cycle is greatly reduced, the cost is also low, and better economic benefits can be achieved.

（2） Small and medium-sized key parts that require high processing quality and efficient production

CNC grinding machines can achieve high-precision and high-quality grinding under computer control. It can save a lot of specialized process equipment compared to specialized grinding machines, has strong flexible manufacturing capabilities, and achieves good economic benefits. Compared with ordinary grinders, it can eliminate many human interference factors in the long process of complex machining, and has good consistency and interchangeability of machining parts, with high machining efficiency.

（3） The processing batch of parts should be larger than that of ordinary lathes and batch CNC lathes. When processing small batches of parts on non CNC grinders, due to various reasons, pure cutting time only accounts for 10% -30% of the actual working hours. When machining on CNC grinders with multiple processes such as grinding centers, this proportion may increase to 70% to 80%, but the preparation time for adjustment is often much longer, so a small batch size of parts can become uneconomical.

（4） The processed parts should meet the process characteristics of fully utilizing the multi process centralized processing of CNC grinders. The cutting of the workpiece by the grinding wheel during CNC grinder processing is exactly the same as that of the corresponding non CNC grinder, but it can perform some composite processing with processing accuracy requirements. For example, in terms of grinding range, ordinary grinders are mainly used for grinding cylindrical surfaces, circular CNC lathe cone surfaces or stepped shaft shoulders. In addition, CNC external cylindrical grinders can also grind circular ring surfaces (including convex and concave surfaces), as well as various forms of complex composite surfaces mentioned above.

（5） As a single CNC grinder, it is difficult to complete all the processing content of a part, and it needs to be coordinated with the processing procedures of other equipment, so there is a requirement for a balance between production pace and workshop production capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to fully utilize the processing characteristics of CNC grinding machines, and CNC lathes should also be reasonably arranged with matching balancing processes on other processing equipment.

（6） Some special parts processing considerations include some parts that, although processed in small batches, have complex shapes and high quality on ordinary lathes, requiring good interchangeability. This cannot be achieved on non CNC grinders and can only be arranged for processing on CNC grinders, such as parabolic, cycloidal convex wheels, and special surface reflective mirrors.