Operating procedures, key points and repair steps of lathe, precautions

Ⅰ. Operating Procedures

1、 Preparation for lathe:

(1) According to the planned processing technology, place the corresponding blanks, cutting tools, and oilstones on the workbench to ensure that the machinery can rotate without any faults;

(2) Determine the temporary support position for the processed material;

(3) Check and determine the size and quality of the tool;

(4) Study the technical requirements and drawings, and preliminarily determine the processing parameters;

(5) Tighten the coupling on the lathe, check the tool shaft transmission device, and confirm that there are no defects.

2、 Formal machining of lathe:

(1) Determine the position of the turning tool and place it in the correct position on the tool holder;

(2) Use a torque wrench to fix the tool holder and cutting tool on the shaft, so that the gap between the cutting tools is at zero position;

(3) Check and adjust the parallelism between the slide table and the parts;

(4) Check the fat core slider on the guide rail, replace the inner shirt or adjust it;

(5) Determine the frequency of cutting vibration, the tool tip angle for upper and lower cutting, and the machining depth according to technical requirements;

(6) Ensure the correctness of the machining position and measuring devices;

(7) Operate the lathe and accurately complete the machining according to technical requirements;

After finishing the machining, turn off the power switch of the lathe and tighten the coupling;

3、 Inspection of lathe:

(1) Measure the dimensions of each surface of the workpiece, check for misalignment, and surface smoothness;

(2) Check whether the turning tool is damaged, and if it is damaged, make up for it;

(3) Determine the tolerance and make a note;

(4) Check the lubrication condition of the lathe, and replace the oil if necessary;

Ⅱ. Processing Steps

1、 Dividing: Dividing the positioning surface to determine the end position of the part.

2、 Positive and negative chuck processing: planetary chuck and reverse chuck are used respectively to process the external threads of the positioning surface.

3、 Through hole chuck processing: Using ball head chuck, according to the requirements and accuracy of the drawing processing, the external thread of the through hole part is processed to position the shape of the external thread of the part.

4、 Clamping of clamp head: Use a movable clamp head as the clamp head outside the positioning surface, check the clamping torque of the clamp head to ensure it is qualified.

5、 Grinding cone processing: According to the processing requirements, different specifications of grinding cones are used to process the aperture of the parts.

6、 Edge machining: According to the drawing requirements, different specifications of taper cutting tools are used to complete edge machining.

7、 Cylindrical surface turning: Using internal, external, and circular table turning tools, the internal and external cylindrical surfaces of the parts are machined to ensure flatness, accuracy, and smoothness.

8、 Tool cleaning: After the operation is completed, the cutting tool, taper, plug and other tools should be cleaned in a timely manner to ensure the quality of the new tools.

Ⅲ. Quality Requirements for Finished Products

1、 Quality requirements:

(1) Precision requirements for part dimensions and technical specifications;

(2) The surface quality of the parts should not have scratches or burrs;

(3) Workpiece appearance quality: There should be no cracks, shrinkage, or deformation phenomena;

(4) Axial positional tolerance of the part center.

2、 Security requirements:

(1) Strictly follow the regulations during the processing and check whether the protective plate of the workbench is complete;

(2) The security of the machine must be ensured, and there must be no obvious signs of wear and tear;

(3) During the processing, ensure the distance to prevent operator injury.

Ⅳ. Operation Points

1、 Requirements for lathe operation:

(1) When using a lathe, it is necessary to be familiar with the operating procedures of the lathe and the regulations of the machine;

(2) Before using the lathe, it is necessary to inspect the lathe to ensure that it can be used normally;

(3) When using a lathe, it is necessary to ensure that the cutting tool, slide table, spindle and other components are in normal working condition;

(4) During the machining process, it is required that the machine runs smoothly and there should be no obvious shaking phenomenon;

(5) During the processing, ensure security and do not operate incorrectly.

2、 Tool operation requirements:

(1) Before using the turning tool, it is necessary to inspect the tool to ensure its quality;

(2) When using a turning tool, it is necessary to ensure that the tool is installed correctly and firmly;

(3) During the machining process, it is required that the size of the cutting tool is correct and there should be no obvious cracks or gaps;

(4) During the machining process, it is required that the cutting torque and cutting speed of the turning tool are uniform, and there should be no obvious shaking phenomenon;

(5) During the machining process, it is required that the turning tool rotates smoothly and there should be no obvious vibration phenomenon.

3、 Control requirements:

(1) During the operation process, be familiar with the operating requirements of the control system and operate the lathe according to the requirements;

(2) During the machining process, it is required that the transmission, speed, and tightening torque of the control system be accurate;

(3) During the machining process, it is required that the machining parameters of the control system are accurate and cannot have errors;

(4) During the machining process, it is required that the control system runs smoothly and there should be no alarm phenomenon.

Ⅴ. Steps for Trimming

1、 Steps for lathe repair:

(1) Check the installation condition of the lathe and its accessories;

(2) Check the lubrication of the lathe and replace the lubricating oil in a timely manner;

(3) Check the electrical and bearings of the lathe to ensure that it is running properly;

(4) Check the surface of the lathe to ensure that there is no wear, cracks, or deformation on the surface;

(5) Check the lathe tools to ensure good tool quality;

2、 Steps for tool trimming:

(1) Check the size of the turning tool to ensure its accuracy;

(2) Check the surface of the turning tool to ensure that it is free of wear, cracks, and deformation;

(3) Check the cutting torque and cutting speed of the turning tool to ensure its machining performance;

(4) Check the installation of the turning tool to ensure that it is securely installed;

(5) Check the cutting surface of the turning tool to ensure that it is flat and smooth.

3、 Control system maintenance steps:

(1) Check the electrical components of the control system to ensure that the electrical connections of the control system are correct;

(2) Check the operating parameters of the control system to ensure that the transmission, speed, and tightening torque requirements of the control system are accurate;

(3) Check the machining parameters of the control system to ensure that the machining parameters of the control system are accurate;

(4) Check the operation of the control system to ensure smooth operation and no alarm phenomenon.